About this condition
Vulvovaginitis in girls describes irritation or inflammation around the vulva and vaginal opening. Itching, redness and stinging are common before puberty and are not automatically signs of bacterial infection.
What to know
In younger children, sensitive skin may react to fragranced soap, bubble baths, wet wipes, tight clothing, moisture or detergent residue. Occasionally bacteria, pinworms or another condition contribute; yeast infection is not the standard explanation for every episode.
Symptoms and reasons for assessment
Redness, itching, soreness, discharge and discomfort on urination can occur. Urine touching irritated skin may sting even without a urinary infection. Persistent foul-smelling or blood-stained discharge should be assessed without delay.
Other possible causes
A urinary tract infection, skin condition or another cause can resemble vulvovaginitis. Not every child requires a swab or antibiotics, and clinicians should avoid attributing all genital irritation to infection.
How clinicians assess the problem
A paediatric gynaecologist discusses symptoms, hygiene products, night-time itching and any discharge. Examination, when needed, is gentle and external. Internal vaginal examinations and internal swabs are not routine before puberty; urine or other tests are chosen selectively.
Treatment and follow-up options
Reducing exposure to irritants, gentle washing, breathable clothing and prompt changing of wet clothes may help. Antibiotics, antifungals, steroid creams and antiseptics should not be started indiscriminately; any medication depends on the diagnosed cause.
When urgent care is necessary
Severe pain, substantial bleeding, high fever, difficulty urinating, marked illness or unusual blood-stained discharge needs prompt assessment. Call 103 for a serious emergency. Symptoms that recur or persist also warrant follow-up.
Related health information
Labial adhesions in girls; Abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents; Itchy skin.
Signs and symptoms
Diagnosis and tests
Care and treatment approaches
When to seek urgent care
Frequently asked questions
Is vulvovaginitis in girls always an infection?
No. Irritation and the sensitivity of prepubertal skin are common explanations.
Does every child need a swab and antibiotics?
No. The clinician selects tests and treatment based on findings; internal swabs are not routine in prepubertal girls.
When should we return to the paediatric gynaecologist?
If redness, itching or discharge persists, returns or is accompanied by pain, odour or blood, arrange reassessment.
Important information
A medical consultation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Self-treatment can be harmful to your health.
