About this condition
Liver cirrhosis is long-term scarring that alters the structure and function of the liver. Chronic viral hepatitis, alcohol-associated disease and metabolic or autoimmune conditions are among the potential causes. Cirrhosis is not always caused by alcohol.
How the symptom or condition presents
People may initially have few symptoms. Fatigue, easy bruising, itching, swelling, abdominal fluid, jaundice or weight changes can appear. New confusion, marked sleepiness or gastrointestinal bleeding can indicate dangerous complications.
Important differences and warning signs
Assessment identifies the cause, stage and complications. Blood tests, abdominal ultrasound, elastography and specific screening may be included in a specialist monitoring plan. Feeling relatively well does not remove the need for regular review.
Evaluation and individual care
Treatment focuses on the cause, nutrition, preventing complications and appropriate monitoring. Unsupervised diuretics, attempts to cleanse the liver or stopping prescribed medicines can be harmful. Decompensated cirrhosis requires specialised care.
Related information: Chronic hepatitis; Jaundice and dark urine.
Signs and symptoms
- Fatigue, reduced appetite, itching or bruising.
- Fluid retention, swollen legs or increasing abdominal girth.
- Jaundice, confusion or gastrointestinal bleeding in serious disease.
Diagnosis and tests
A clinician assesses liver blood tests, causes, fibrosis, portal-hypertension complications and appropriate surveillance. Ultrasound, elastography or specialist investigations are selected according to the individual plan.
Care and treatment approaches
Management involves treating the underlying cause, nutritional support, preventing and managing complications, and regular specialist follow-up. Do not start diuretics or liver-cleansing treatments without medical advice.
When to seek urgent care
Call 103 or 112 immediately for vomiting blood, black stools, new confusion, severe abdominal swelling with pain or fever, fainting or rapid deterioration.
Frequently asked questions
Does cirrhosis always mean alcohol caused the damage?
No. Viral hepatitis, metabolic conditions, autoimmune disorders and several other diseases can also lead to cirrhosis.
Do I still need monitoring if I feel well?
Yes. Complications can develop even when symptoms are mild; a clinician should arrange an individual follow-up plan.
Can herbal liver cleanses replace treatment?
No. Their benefits are unproven for managing cirrhosis and some products may be harmful. Treatment must address the cause and complications.
Information sources
Medical source links used when preparing this article.
Important information
A medical consultation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Self-treatment can be harmful to your health.
