About this condition
Pneumonia is inflammation of lung tissue, frequently associated with an infection. Neither cough nor fever by itself confirms or excludes this diagnosis.
What this topic means
The severity of pneumonia varies. Age, underlying heart or lung illness, the suspected cause and how well a person breathes affect whether care is provided at home or in hospital.
When to seek medical advice
Cough, fever, weakness, breathlessness and chest pain on breathing may occur. Some patients have less typical symptoms; absence of a high temperature does not exclude pneumonia.
Options and limitations
A viral respiratory illness, asthma exacerbation or other causes of breathlessness may resemble pneumonia. Self-diagnosis from a cough or an online symptom checklist is unreliable.
Assessment and preparation
The clinician assesses temperature, pulse, breathing, chest findings and oxygen saturation when appropriate. Chest radiography and blood or other tests may be considered according to clinical indications.
Treatment, risks and follow-up
The plan depends on severity, suspected cause, underlying conditions and possible complications. Antibiotic therapy is chosen when indicated; some patients need hospital monitoring or oxygen support.
When urgent help is needed
Severe shortness of breath, inability to speak in full sentences, blue lips, confusion, fainting or rapid deterioration requires an ambulance: call 103.
Related information
Acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI); Cough; Bronchial asthma.
Signs and symptoms
Cough, fever, weakness, breathlessness and chest pain on breathing may occur. Some patients have less typical symptoms; absence of a high temperature does not exclude pneumonia.
Diagnosis and tests
The clinician assesses temperature, pulse, breathing, chest findings and oxygen saturation when appropriate. Chest radiography and blood or other tests may be considered according to clinical indications.
Care and treatment approaches
The plan depends on severity, suspected cause, underlying conditions and possible complications. Antibiotic therapy is chosen when indicated; some patients need hospital monitoring or oxygen support.
When to seek urgent care
Severe shortness of breath, inability to speak in full sentences, blue lips, confusion, fainting or rapid deterioration requires an ambulance: call 103.
Frequently asked questions
Does pneumonia always cause a high fever?
No. Symptoms vary and some people do not have a pronounced fever.
Can pneumonia be diagnosed from symptoms alone?
No. Clinical examination and, when appropriate, additional testing are necessary.
When might hospital treatment be needed?
If breathing, circulation or other risk factors make outpatient care unsafe, hospital assessment is necessary.
Important information
A medical consultation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Self-treatment can be harmful to your health.
