About this procedure
Echocardiography, or heart ultrasound, helps evaluate the heart chambers, valve function, contraction of the heart muscle and some blood-flow patterns. The most common method is transthoracic echocardiography, in which a transducer is placed on the chest.
The patient lies on an examination couch, sometimes on the left side. Gel is applied to the chest and the transducer is moved between positions. Doppler imaging may also be used to assess blood flow.
Fasting is generally not needed for a routine transthoracic echocardiogram. Bring previous cardiology reports and a medication list. Transesophageal echocardiography is a different test requiring specific preparation and should not be confused with a standard transthoracic scan.
An echocardiogram does not replace an ECG, tests of the coronary arteries or a consultation with a cardiologist. Image quality depends on acoustic conditions, so other methods may sometimes be necessary.
The report describes visible structures and the limitations of the examination. A clinician determines follow-up based on symptoms and results. A single ultrasound finding is not always a final diagnosis and should not lead to self-treatment. Earlier reports assist with comparisons, although measurements can vary with technique or scanning conditions.
Signs and symptoms
- Breathlessness, swelling or a heart murmur when a clinician considers imaging appropriate.
- Monitoring known valve disease or heart failure.
- Additional assessment of cardiac function after certain illnesses or procedures.
Diagnosis and tests
The patient lies on a couch, sometimes on the left side. Gel and a transducer are applied to the chest in several positions, with Doppler imaging when needed to assess blood flow.
Echocardiography does not replace an ECG, tests of coronary arteries or specialist assessment. Image quality can be limited by acoustic conditions.
Care and treatment approaches
Heart ultrasound is a diagnostic examination, not a treatment. Further consultations, tests or repeat imaging are chosen according to the clinical situation. Do not initiate treatment based solely on a scan report.
When to seek urgent care
Sudden crushing chest pain, severe breathlessness, fainting or signs of acute circulatory problems require an immediate call to 103 rather than a routine echocardiography appointment.
Frequently asked questions
Are an echocardiogram and an ECG the same test?
No. An ECG records the heart’s electrical activity; an echocardiogram uses ultrasound to show its structures and blood flow.
Do I need to fast?
Usually not for a standard transthoracic echocardiogram.
Can an echocardiogram explain every cause of chest pain?
No. Chest pain has many causes and a dangerous acute condition cannot be ruled out by ultrasound alone.
Important information
A medical consultation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Self-treatment can be harmful to your health.
