About this procedure
Gastroscopy, or oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), allows direct examination of the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum. The procedure may include targeted tissue sampling when clinically indicated.
What this topic means
This is primarily a diagnostic examination. It can help investigate symptoms or findings such as difficulty swallowing, persistent vomiting, suspected ulcer disease or bleeding. It does not replace assessment of the underlying cause.
When to seek medical advice
A clinician considers prolonged or unexplained symptoms and warning signs when recommending EGD. A brief episode of uncomplicated indigestion does not automatically justify an invasive procedure; the reason for testing must be explained.
Options and limitations
Sedation and anaesthesia choices depend on health status, anticipated procedure and available clinical assessment; a medicated sleep is not universally required. A biopsy may identify tissue changes but cannot be inferred from visual appearance alone.
Assessment and preparation
The team explains fasting instructions, medicines, allergies and any need to adjust anticoagulants with the prescribing clinician. The endoscopist records mucosal findings; sampled tissue is assessed later by a laboratory or pathologist.
Treatment, risks and follow-up
After an uncomplicated diagnostic EGD the doctor explains when the patient can eat, resume activities and expect results. A biopsy or additional endoscopic intervention requires appropriate indication and informed consent. Bleeding, aspiration and perforation, while uncommon, are possible.
When urgent help is needed
Severe or increasing chest or abdominal pain, vomiting blood, black stools, fainting, breathing difficulties or rapid deterioration after gastroscopy requires urgent assessment. Call 103 for severe symptoms; do not wait for the routine report.
Related information
Nausea and vomiting in adults; Targeted gastric biopsy and OLGA/OLGIM staging; Functional dyspepsia.
Signs and symptoms
A clinician considers prolonged or unexplained symptoms and warning signs when recommending EGD. A brief episode of uncomplicated indigestion does not automatically justify an invasive procedure; the reason for testing must be explained.
Diagnosis and tests
The team explains fasting instructions, medicines, allergies and any need to adjust anticoagulants with the prescribing clinician. The endoscopist records mucosal findings; sampled tissue is assessed later by a laboratory or pathologist.
Care and treatment approaches
After an uncomplicated diagnostic EGD the doctor explains when the patient can eat, resume activities and expect results. A biopsy or additional endoscopic intervention requires appropriate indication and informed consent. Bleeding, aspiration and perforation, while uncommon, are possible.
When to seek urgent care
Severe or increasing chest or abdominal pain, vomiting blood, black stools, fainting, breathing difficulties or rapid deterioration after gastroscopy requires urgent assessment. Call 103 for severe symptoms; do not wait for the routine report.
Frequently asked questions
Can gastroscopy detect Helicobacter pylori?
EGD can support testing when samples are taken, but H. pylori can also be assessed by other suitable tests as advised by the doctor.
Can a biopsy be taken during the examination?
Yes, if indicated. The tissue is sent for analysis; a visual inspection does not replace histology.
Is sedation always necessary for gastroscopy?
No. Sedation options depend on the patient, the procedure and the clinician's assessment of risks and preferences.
Important information
A medical consultation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Self-treatment can be harmful to your health.
