About this condition
Dry eye syndrome develops when the ocular surface lacks sufficient tears or the tear film is unstable. Discomfort may be greater during reading, screen work or contact-lens use.
What matters most
An unstable tear film leaves the ocular surface vulnerable to wind, dry indoor air and prolonged close visual tasks. The underlying factors and severity differ from person to person.
Symptoms and reasons to seek help
People may notice burning, a sandy sensation, redness and intermittent blurred vision. Reflex watering can paradoxically occur even when the eye surface is inadequately lubricated.
How it differs from similar conditions
Severe pain, sudden sight loss and marked light sensitivity should not be explained away as routine dry eye. These may indicate other eye conditions that require urgent assessment.
Assessment and investigations
An ophthalmologist checks the eyelids and surface of the eye, relevant medicines and visual habits. Tear-film stability and tear production may be assessed when clinically useful.
Care options and limitations
Regular screen breaks, eyelid care and appropriately selected lubricating drops can help some patients. A clinician should recommend which drops and whether further treatment is needed.
When emergency help is needed
Sudden loss of vision, very severe pain, intense light sensitivity, chemical exposure or an eye injury is not typical of uncomplicated dry eye. Seek emergency assessment; call 103 or 112 if necessary.
Related information
Worsening eyesight; Red eye; Ophthalmologist consultation; Cataract.
Signs and symptoms
People may notice burning, a sandy sensation, redness and intermittent blurred vision. Reflex watering can paradoxically occur even when the eye surface is inadequately lubricated.
Diagnosis and tests
An ophthalmologist checks the eyelids and surface of the eye, relevant medicines and visual habits. Tear-film stability and tear production may be assessed when clinically useful.
Care and treatment approaches
Regular screen breaks, eyelid care and appropriately selected lubricating drops can help some patients. A clinician should recommend which drops and whether further treatment is needed.
When to seek urgent care
Sudden loss of vision, very severe pain, intense light sensitivity, chemical exposure or an eye injury is not typical of uncomplicated dry eye. Seek emergency assessment; call 103 or 112 if necessary.
Frequently asked questions
Can dry eyes cause excessive watering?
Yes. Reflex tearing can be a response to irritation even though the tear film is not providing adequate lubrication.
Can screen time worsen symptoms?
Yes. Reduced blinking and prolonged sessions without breaks may make discomfort more noticeable.
Are any eye drops suitable?
No. Drops should be selected for the cause and severity; avoid unsupervised steroid preparations.
Information sources
Medical source links used when preparing this article.
Important information
A medical consultation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Self-treatment can be harmful to your health.
