About this condition
Acute intestinal infections can cause diarrhoea, abdominal cramps, nausea and vomiting. Viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms may be involved, so treatment is not identical for everyone.
What this topic means
The illness may spread through contaminated food, water or contact. Identifying a specific organism is sometimes important but not necessary for every uncomplicated case.
When to seek medical advice
Loose stools, vomiting, fever, weakness and cramps are common. Keep track of hydration, urine output, stool blood, the duration and other affected family members.
Options and limitations
Symptoms may overlap with food poisoning, medication reactions and noninfectious abdominal conditions. Antibiotics do not help all pathogens and can create new risks when taken without indication.
Assessment and preparation
A clinician evaluates hydration, abdominal pain, vital signs, epidemiological history and clinical risks. Stool or blood tests are ordered when needed rather than automatically for all patients.
Treatment, risks and follow-up
Replacing lost fluids, including oral rehydration when feasible, is central to care. Medicines and decisions about specialist treatment are based on likely cause, severity and patient factors.
When urgent help is needed
Blood in stool, intense abdominal pain, inability to keep fluids down, confusion, fainting or severe dehydration needs prompt assessment. Call 103 if symptoms are severe.
Related information
Acute diarrhoea; Food poisoning; Nausea and vomiting in adults.
Signs and symptoms
Loose stools, vomiting, fever, weakness and cramps are common. Keep track of hydration, urine output, stool blood, the duration and other affected family members.
Diagnosis and tests
A clinician evaluates hydration, abdominal pain, vital signs, epidemiological history and clinical risks. Stool or blood tests are ordered when needed rather than automatically for all patients.
Care and treatment approaches
Replacing lost fluids, including oral rehydration when feasible, is central to care. Medicines and decisions about specialist treatment are based on likely cause, severity and patient factors.
When to seek urgent care
Blood in stool, intense abdominal pain, inability to keep fluids down, confusion, fainting or severe dehydration needs prompt assessment. Call 103 if symptoms are severe.
Frequently asked questions
Does every intestinal infection need antibiotics?
No. Many causes do not benefit, and the decision depends on the organism and risk factors.
Is a stool sample always required?
No. Testing is selective and guided by illness severity and duration.
What is most dangerous with vomiting and diarrhoea?
Severe fluid loss, particularly when the person is unable to drink or has reduced consciousness.
Important information
A medical consultation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Self-treatment can be harmful to your health.
