About this condition
The Bartholin glands are located near the vaginal opening. If a duct becomes blocked, a cyst may form and remain small or cause a noticeable lump. Infection can produce a painful abscess with swelling, tenderness and sometimes fever. A lump in this area should not automatically be assumed to be one particular diagnosis.
Possible causes and clinical context
A clinician examines the location, size and tenderness while asking about how the swelling developed. Repeated, unusually shaped or new lumps in later life may require a different investigation plan. A clinical assessment distinguishes an uncomplicated cyst from possible abscess and other causes.
Assessment and follow-up
A small cyst without discomfort may need only observation. More painful or infected lesions require professional assessment; in selected cases drainage, a catheter or other treatment may be discussed. Do not puncture or squeeze the swelling at home, because this can worsen infection.
Procedure selection depends on the patient’s findings and should not be inferred from a service article. Confirm the availability of any intervention at a specific clinic separately. Seek help earlier if pain and swelling are increasing instead of waiting for a routine appointment.
Related topics: Gynecologic examination; Paraurethral cyst.
Signs and symptoms
- A lump or swelling near one side of the vaginal opening.
- Increasing pain, redness, tenderness or difficulty sitting if inflamed.
- Fever, chills or discharge may accompany an abscess.
Diagnosis and tests
A sensitive, consent-based examination evaluates location, tenderness, size and signs of infection. Recurrent, atypical or later-life lesions may need additional assessment rather than automatic treatment as a simple cyst.
Care and treatment approaches
Small symptom-free cysts may be observed. An infected or painful abscess sometimes requires targeted treatment or professional drainage. Any catheter or procedure is discussed on clinical grounds, with availability confirmed separately.
When to seek urgent care
Seek prompt or emergency assessment if pain is severe, swelling grows rapidly, pus appears, or you have fever, chills or significant illness. Never attempt to cut, pierce or squeeze the lump. Call 103 in Ukraine if your condition becomes life-threatening.
Frequently asked questions
Does every Bartholin cyst need an operation?
No. A small cyst without symptoms may be observed. Treatment depends on pain, infection and recurrence.
How is an abscess different from a simple cyst?
An abscess is infected and often causes much greater pain, tenderness, redness, fever or discharge.
Can I squeeze or puncture the lump myself?
No. This can spread infection and make the condition worse. Arrange medical assessment when symptoms increase.
Information sources
Medical source links used when preparing this article.
Important information
A medical consultation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Self-treatment can be harmful to your health.
