About this condition
The everyday term atheroma often refers to an epidermal cyst, a rounded skin or subcutaneous lump. It commonly grows slowly and may be painless, but examination is needed to identify what it is.
What matters most
Some cysts have a small central opening and feel mobile. Appearance alone cannot prove the diagnosis, particularly when a lump is deep, firm or changing rapidly.
Symptoms and reasons to seek help
An uncomplicated cyst can appear as a rounded nodule. Redness, tenderness, swelling or discharge may indicate inflammation; fever or spreading redness warrants prompt medical attention.
How it differs from similar conditions
Lipomas and other soft-tissue growths can look similar. A rapidly growing, fixed or deep mass needs a more careful diagnostic approach rather than automatic removal as a presumed cyst.
Assessment and investigations
Clinical skin and soft-tissue examination is the starting point. Ultrasound or specialist consultation may be chosen when the depth, nature or behaviour of a lump is uncertain.
Care options and limitations
Small painless cysts can sometimes be observed. Treatment or removal may be considered for troublesome or complicated lesions after assessing their nature; do not squeeze or puncture a lump at home.
When emergency help is needed
Rapidly increasing pain, extensive redness, spreading swelling, fever or major deterioration requires prompt in-person assessment. Call 103 or 112 if severe systemic illness develops; never attempt to drain the lesion yourself.
Related information
Itchy skin; Skin rash; Dermoscopy of moles and skin lesions.
Signs and symptoms
An uncomplicated cyst can appear as a rounded nodule. Redness, tenderness, swelling or discharge may indicate inflammation; fever or spreading redness warrants prompt medical attention.
Diagnosis and tests
Clinical skin and soft-tissue examination is the starting point. Ultrasound or specialist consultation may be chosen when the depth, nature or behaviour of a lump is uncertain.
Care and treatment approaches
Small painless cysts can sometimes be observed. Treatment or removal may be considered for troublesome or complicated lesions after assessing their nature; do not squeeze or puncture a lump at home.
When to seek urgent care
Rapidly increasing pain, extensive redness, spreading swelling, fever or major deterioration requires prompt in-person assessment. Call 103 or 112 if severe systemic illness develops; never attempt to drain the lesion yourself.
Frequently asked questions
Can I squeeze an epidermal cyst?
No. Squeezing or piercing it can worsen inflammation and increase infection risk.
How is an epidermal cyst different from a lipoma?
They have different structures and origins although their outward appearance can be similar.
Must every cyst be surgically removed?
No. The decision depends on diagnosis, symptoms, growth, complications and the person’s preferences.
Important information
A medical consultation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Self-treatment can be harmful to your health.
